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Athanasios Mandroukas Thomas I. Metaxas Zacharoula Papadopoulou Jan Heller Nikos V. Margaritelis Kosmas Christoulas 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(20):2390-2395
ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to compare the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform composition of the deltoid and vastus lateralis muscles of the dominant and non-dominant limbs in handball players. Eleven male Greek elite handball players (age 22.6 ± 1.9 yrs, training experience 10.6 ± 2.1 yrs, height 184.1 ± 4.1 cm, and weight 81.0 ± 12.5 kg) participated in the study. Four muscle biopsies were obtained from the dominant and non-dominant deltoid and vastus lateralis muscles during the in-season period. The MHC composition was determined using SDS-PAGE. No significant difference was found between the dominant and non-dominant muscles; Deltoid muscle: MHC I [(95%CI = ?1.22, 0.33), P = 0.228], MHC ΙΙa [(95%CI = ?0.32, 1.59), P = 0.168] and MHC IIx [(95%CI = ?1.49, 1.10), P = 0.749]; Vastus lateralis muscle: MHC I [(95%CI = ?0.38, 0.63), P = 0.586], MHC ΙΙa [(95%CI = ?0.50, 0.65), P = 0.783] and MHC IIx [(95%CI = ?1.08, 0.42), P = 0.355]. The findings of the present study indicate that the greater use of the dominant limbs for throwing actions and body movements in handball do not lead to altered MHC isoform composition compared to the non-dominant limbs. 相似文献
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Peter C. Rouse Joan L. Duda Nikos Ntoumanis Kate Jolly Geoffrey C. Williams 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(1):106-114
This study describes the development and psychometric characteristics of an observational instrument that examines four aspects of interpersonal support (or lack of) provided during physical activity (PA) promotion consultations (i.e., Autonomy Support, Involvement, Structure and Interpersonal Control), as identified by Self-determination Theory (SDT). The reliability and validity of the Interpersonal Support in Physical Activity Consultations Observational Tool (ISPACOT) were examined within an exploratory randomised control trial. Recorded consultations (N = 42) conducted by qualified PA advisors (N = 14) at 13 leisure centres across the West Midlands (UK) were rated. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) indicated moderate to high inter-rater reliability for overall interpersonal support (0.80), and the Autonomy Support (0.74), Involvement (0.73) and Structure (0.91) dimensions, but low reliability for Interpersonal Control (0.35). The advisors, who conducted PA promotion consultations that were rated as low in their interpersonally supportive features, were perceived by their clients as being less supportive (F(1,10) = 5.0, p <.05). Ratings on the ISPACOT differentiated advisors who were trained in SDT principles and those who were not. Overall, the findings provided preliminary evidence for the reliability and convergent validity of the ISPACOT. 相似文献
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Nikos Emmanouil Kanderakis 《Science & Education》2010,19(10):995-1012
The physical magnitude ‘work’ has a long history. It emerged when two different practices, performed during the whole eighteenth century, met each other. The first was theoretical, practiced by philosophers and mathematicians, and was related mainly to the ‘living forces’ (vires vivae). The second was empirical, practiced by engineers, and was related to the work and the effectiveness of the motor engines. In both activities, the products ‘weight (or force) multiplied by height (or displacement)’ were used for calculations. Can we regard that these products constitute a well defined physical magnitude and are anticipations of the magnitude ‘work’? Modern historians of science assert that ‘work’, as a magnitude of mechanics, was created in France, at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Why? In order to examine these issues, a brief survey into the history of the relevant ideas will be done, and a number of characteristics, acquired by the magnitude of ‘work’ through the historical process of its construction, will be presented. These characteristics may help to depict a magnitude, in general, which is autonomous and embedded in a physical theory. Finally, from the historical data concerning the history of ‘work’, some educational implications will be considered. 相似文献
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The main purpose of this study was to examine typologies of non-exercisers based on reasons for physical inactivity and conditions reported to be necessary to change exercise behaviour. These typologies were then compared on psychological variables of interest and exercise history. Questionnaires were distributed to Greek older adults aged 60 and above who were recruited from social clubs and city cafés. Only individuals engaging in no regular exercise were recruited (n = 188). The results of hierarchical and k-means cluster analyses revealed two clusters for males ("approachable" and "unconvinced") and three for females ("unconcerned", "approachable", and "unconvinced"). The clusters differed significantly on psychological variables not used in the cluster solution. Exercise history distinguished between clusters only among males. The results reveal that physically inactive older adults are not a homogeneous group of individuals. Implementers of physical activity interventions should probably use a range of strategies that take into consideration that some sedentary older adults are more amenable to consider taking up exercise than others. 相似文献
25.
Vallerand RJ Ntoumanis N Philippe FL Lavigne GL Carbonneau N Bonneville A Lagacé-Labonté C Maliha G 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(12):1279-1293
The purpose of the present research was to test the applicability of the Dualistic Model of Passion (Vallerand et al., 2003) to being a sport (football) fan. Three studies provided support for this dualistic conceptualization of passion. Study 1 showed that harmonious passion was positively associated with adaptive behaviours (e.g. celebrate the team's victory), whereas obsessive passion was positively associated with maladaptive behaviours (e.g. risking losing one's job to go to a game). Study 2 used a short Passion Scale and showed that harmonious passion was positively related to the positive affective life of fans during the 2006 FIFA World Cup, psychological health (self-esteem and life satisfaction), and public displays of adaptive behaviours (e.g. celebrate the team's victory into the streets), whereas obsessive passion was predictive of maladaptive affective life (e.g. hating opposing teams' fans) and behaviours (e.g. mocking opposing teams' fans). Finally, Study 3 examined the role of obsessive passion as a predictor of partner's conflict that in turn undermined partner's relationship satisfaction. Overall, the present results provided support for the Dualistic Model of Passion. The conceptual and applied implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
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Grounded in self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985), the purpose of the present study was to examine whether amotivation, self-determined and controlling types of motivation could predict a range of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations. Exercisers (n = 375) from ten health clubs in the North of England completed questionnaires measuring exercise motivation, exercise stages of change, number of relapses from exercise, future intention to exercise, barriers self-efficacy, physical self-worth and social physique anxiety. Controlling for age and sex, multiple and logistic regression analyses supported our hypotheses by showing self-determined motivation (i.e. intrinsic motivation and identified regulation) to predict more adaptive behavioural, cognitive and physical self-evaluation patterns than external regulation and amotivation. Introjected regulation was related to both adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. Furthermore, a multivariate analysis of variance revealed that exercisers in the maintenance stage of change displayed significantly more self-determined motivation to exercise than those in the preparation and action stages. The results illustrate the importance of promoting self-determined motivation in exercisers to improve the quality of their experiences, as well as to foster their exercise behaviour. Future research should examine the mechanisms that promote self-determined motivation in exercise. 相似文献
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Knowledge Management Research & Practice - Admitting that knowledge workers and Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) are valuable organizational assets whose interaction should be augmented,... 相似文献
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Constantinos?ChristouEmail author Nikos?Mousoulides Marios?Pittalis Demetra?Pitta-Pantazi 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2004,2(3):339-352
The recent development of powerful new technologies such as dynamic geometry software (DGS) with drag capability has made possible the continuous variation of geometric configurations and allows one to quickly and easily investigate whether particular conjectures are true or not. Because of the inductive nature of the DGS, the experimental-theoretical gap that exists in the acquisition and justification of geometrical knowledge becomes an important pedagogical concern. In this article we discuss the implications of the development of this new software for the teaching of proof and making proof meaningful to students. We describe how three prospective primary school teachers explored problems in geometry and how their constructions and conjectures led them see proofs in DGS.
Constantinos Christou: Author for correspondence. 相似文献
30.
Anna Efthimiadou Byron Asimakopoulos Nikos Nikolettos Alexandra Giatromanolaki Efthimios Sivridis Theodoros S. Lialiaris 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):849-854
Abstract Although angiogenetic therapy using recombinant growth factors holds much hope for the treatment of ischaemic diseases, there are still many unanswered questions, including the method of administration, the correct dose of these factors, and the duration of the therapeutic approach. Exercise has also been suggested to induce neovascularizaiton in muscles. We evaluated the angiogenetic effects of the intramuscular administration of basic-fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) and acidic-fibroblast growth factor (a-FGF) in rat heart, compared with rats who exercised daily. In conclusion, both the intramuscular administration of b-FGF and exercise increased significantly angiogenesis in the heart in contrast to the intramuscular administration of a-FGF, which was ineffective. 相似文献